This probing and innovative monograph, based on an interdisciplinary and multicultural approach, traces the trajectory of the Japanese influence on Klimt’s heterogeneous and idiosyncratic oeuvre. Placing Klimt’s experimentations with Japanese stimuli in a broad historical and cultural context, it unfolds a vibrant picture of the unprecedented creative dialogue and synthesis of Japanese models by one of the most important modernists. Closely investigating the intricate anatomy of Klimt’s art, this groundbreaking project constructs a critical theory of the evolution of Klimt’s style and is the first comprehensive study of the role of Japonisme in its genesis. Focusing on Klimt’s experimentation with Japanese models, the book presents a multifaceted conception of Klimt’s modernism, thereby providing an indispensable and vital account of Vienna 1900. The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, Japanese studies, and European studies.