This book focuses on conceptual frameworks, debates, tools and developments in the fields of organizational behaviour and organizational design. It analyses the concepts related to organizational behaviour such as leadership, organizational climate, and motivation, at one side, and focuses on the general framework for organizational design in detail in all its components (strategy, environment, processes, people, leadership, information and knowledge system etc.), at the other side. The analysis of the psychological factors affecting organizational design also drives to think of possible different configurations of the main components of organizational structure and design that may be a good fit/alignment between behaviour and design. In the Industry 4.0 era, human resources and personal factors are increasingly central and strategic therefore it is important to understand how psychological factors affect organizational design. It provides a practical guidance on this area of study for developing and implementing the desired organizational architecture. Hence, it takes a managerial perspective to identify practices and behaviour resulting in meaningful and satisfying organizational experience vis-à-vis the evolving nature of structures and contexts. The book broadens readers’ understanding of the role of organizational behavior and design issues in organizational performance while focusing on design changes to remedy organization's core problems. Given these premises, it will be of interest to scholars and professionals in the field of organizational behaviour, job design and job crafting, strategic management and studies at large who can contribute to organizations' evolution towards more harmonious organizational design configurations.