This open access book provides the current research on the features of  Romanian management theory and practices. It explores Romania’s position in the global supply chain; Romanian firm’s contributions to the new global economy; and the processes and effect of internationalization and digitization on the Romanian economy. Romanian management practices, similar with other Eastern European nations, has a unique development. In the late 19th and early 20th century, they were an integral part of western management thinking. However, with the forced adoption of a communist political system and the nationalization of the Romanian economy, the managerial systems were recalibrated to replace profit maximizing objectives with social objectives yielding mixed results. Since the revolution of 1989 and the integration into NATO and the European Union, Romanian management systems are once again an integral part of the global economy. As the COVID-19 crisis revealed the limitations of globalization and the overreliance on Asian suppliers, Romania, along with the rest of Eastern Europe will continue to be integrated into the global economy and become a dependable alternative to Asian suppliers. This is an open access book.