This book offers a deep exploration of recent rural land reform within China, focusing on how a central-initiated policy experimentation has played out at the county-level. Through the lens of urban theories, including local governments’ behavior, state rescaling, and policy entrepreneur, it reveals the dynamics of this sensitive and debated reform practice. Drawing on first-hand interviews with key officials across provincial, prefectural, county, and village levels, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of policy-making and implementation along the urban hierarchy. Ideal for students and researchers in urban studies and land resource management, this book illuminates current land reform practices in China while offering a window into the complex interactions and political negotiations among local governments across various administrative layers.